Launched in 1992, SAP R/3 was an innovative ERP system based on a three-tier architecture: the database layer, the application layer, and the presentation layer. It enabled real-time data integration across different modules, facilitating the management of business processes in areas such as finance, human resources, and supply chain. Over the years, SAP R/3 became a standard in business management, but as technology advanced, its limitations became more evident, especially in handling large volumes of data and integrating with emerging technologies.